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This is a brief summary of the longer TABLE ExplainerWhat is the land sparing-sharing continuum?.

It aims to define the concept and illuminate key debates surrounding the land sharing-sparing continuum. Citations and references for the information discussed below can be found in the full explainer.

Written by Jack Bosanquet

What is the land sharing-sparing continuum: Summary

The IPCC estimates that of the 13 billion ha of ice-free land on Earth, between 42-62%1 is used for agriculture. The implication of these statistics is that agriculture is an important cause of habitat loss, and that a large variety of wildlife is forced to share land with food production.

In response to this, the concepts of land sparing and land sharing have emerged from debates between ecologists about how best to integrate agricultural production within a landscape, at the least possible cost to biodiversity, as illustrated in figure 1:

  • A land sparing approach (figure 1b and c) focuses on higher-yielding (but often less biodiverse) farmland. This means greater productivity on less land, such that more of the remaining land can be “spared” solely for conservation.
  • A land sharing approach (figure 1a) focuses on promoting biodiversity on (often) lower-yielding farmland. This does, however, leave less land available for the sole purpose of conservation.

    The two concepts are stylised endpoints of a continuum of possible land use strategies. Their merits and demerits are subject to much debate; both as to which is preferable but also as regards the overall utility of these concepts as a tool for decision-making in a complex and often messy food system.

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Figure 1 from the land sparing-sharing continuum explainer illustrating land sharing, land sparing within individual farms and land sparing across multiple farms.

Figure 1 : The three figures (a, b, and c) show the same surface area (roughly several to hundreds of square kilometres), organized according to land sharing (a), and land sparing at a farm-level (b) and land sparing at an area-level (c). Each area has a similar ratio of agriculture/wildlife land (white/green) and has distinct characteristics for biodiversity conservation and food production. Reproduced from Balmford et al., 2012.

Footnotes
Sparing, sharing or something in between: what are the implications for biodiversity?
Criticisms of land sparing and land sharing
Conclusion
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The cover of the TABLE Explainer Summary Land Sharing Land Sparing, published in August 2024.
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The sun sets over hay-strewn ground in black and white. Photo by AdobeStock.
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PUBLISHED
26 Jul 2024